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Kenneth Kee
Torsade De Pointes, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
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2327327Torsade De Pointes, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditionshttps://www.gandhi.com.mx/torsade-de-pointes-a-simple-guide-to-the-condition-diagnosis-treatment-and-related-conditions-9781370709267/phttps://gandhi.vtexassets.com/arquivos/ids/2062767/b522cfb7-0544-4079-b97d-f03d7225ced9.jpg?v=638383455502130000MXNKenneth KeeOutOfStock/Ebooks/2262753Torsade De Pointes, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions00https://www.gandhi.com.mx/torsade-de-pointes-a-simple-guide-to-the-condition-diagnosis-treatment-and-related-conditions-9781370709267/phttps://gandhi.vtexassets.com/arquivos/ids/2062767/b522cfb7-0544-4079-b97d-f03d7225ced9.jpg?v=638383455502130000OutOfStockMXN0DIEbook20189781370709267_W3siaWQiOiI5MzMzZDA4Mi05YTA1LTRhOGYtYTY2YS0yYWQzMWI5OTM2YTUiLCJsaXN0UHJpY2UiOjU0LCJkaXNjb3VudCI6MCwic2VsbGluZ1ByaWNlIjo1NCwiaW5jbHVkZXNUYXgiOnRydWUsInByaWNlVHlwZSI6IklwcCIsImN1cnJlbmN5IjoiTVhOIiwiZnJvbSI6IjIwMjQtMDUtMTlUMjI6MDA6MDBaIiwicmVnaW9uIjoiTVgiLCJpc1ByZW9yZGVyIjpmYWxzZX1d9781370709267_<p>This book describes Torsade de pointes, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases<br />Torsades de pointes is a distinctive polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in which the QRS amplitude differs and the QRS complexes seem to twist around the baseline.<br />Torsades de pointes (French for twisting of the points) is linked with a prolonged QT interval, which may be congenital or acquired<br />Torsades de pointes is normally not sustained and ceases spontaneously but often returns unless the underlying cause is treated.<br />Torsades de pointes may deteriorate into sustained ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation.<br />Torsades is a life-threatening arrhythmia and may manifest as sudden cardiac death in patients with structurally normal hearts.<br />Risk factors</p><ol><li>Congenital long QT syndromes such as:<br />a. Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome,<br />b. Romano-Ward syndrome.</li><li>Acquired long QT syndromes:</li><li>Acute myocardial infarction.</li><li>Drugs such as:<br />a. Anti-arrhythmic agents of classes Ia and III,<br />b. Erythromycin,<br />c. Ketoconazole,<br />d. Tricyclic antidepressants,<br />e. Methadone,<br />f. Antipsychotics</li><li>Electrolyte disturbances:<br />a. Hypo-kalemia,<br />b. Hypo-magnesemia,<br />c. Hypo-calcemia.<br />Causes:<br />TdP can be an after effect of a rare disorder called long QT syndrome.<br />Most people with long QT syndrome are born with it, though the patient can get it later in life.<br />TdP episodes may be precipitated by the usage of certain drugs.<br />These drugs are certain antibiotics and antipsychotics<br />Tricyclic antidepressants may also put the patient at higher risk of TdP.<br />Certain anti-arrhythmia drugs, which are planned to restore a healthy heart rhythm for people with arrhythmias, are also linked with TdP.<br />Some of these anti-arrhythmic drugs are:<br />1.Quinidine<br />2.Procainamide<br />3.Disopyramide<br />Symptoms<br />TdP can appear without warning.<br />The patient may rapidly feel the heart beating faster than normal, even when the patient is at rest.<br />In some TdP episodes, the patient may feel light-headed and faint.<br />In the most severe cases, TdP can induce cardiac arrest or sudden cardiac death.<br />1.Nausea,<br />2.Pallor,<br />3.Cold sweats,<br />4.Shortness of breath and<br />5.Chest pain<br />Signs:<br />1.Rapid pulse,<br />2.Low or normal blood pressure<br />3.Transient or prolonged loss of consciousness<br />Diagnosis:<br />1.ECG:<br />a.Paroxysms of 5-20 beats, with a heart rate faster than 200 beats per minute.<br />Sustained episodes are occasionally seen.<br />b.Progressive change in polarity of QRS about the isoelectric line occurs with complete 180 twist of QRS complexes in 10-12 beats.<br />c.Usually, a prolonged QT interval and pathological U waves are present.<br />The most consistent indicator of QT prolongation is a QT of 0.60 seconds or longer or a QTc (corrected for heart rate) of 0.45 seconds or longer.<br />QTc QT interval divided by the square root of the interval (in seconds) between the onset of each QRS complex (Bazetts formula).<br />d.A short-long-short sequence between the R-R interval occurs before the trigger response.<br />2.Electrolytes; hypo-kalemia, hypo-magnesemia and hypo-calcemia.<br />3.Cardiac enzymes; assessment for myocardial ischemia.<br />4.CXR and echocardiography, to rule out structural heart disease.<br />Short-term treatment</li><li>Resuscitation</li><li>Defibrillation:<br />While torsades is often self-terminating, it may develop into ventricular fibrillation, which requires defibrillation<br />Intravenous magnesium is the drug of choice for torsades de pointes<br />Isoprenaline is used as an interim treatment until overdrive pacing can be started<br />Temporary transvenous pacing can be effective in stopping torsade<br />Long-term treatment<br />Patients without syncope, ventricular tachyarrhythmia should be monitored<br />Propranolol is used<br />Pacemaker<br />ECG monitoring</li></ol><p>TABLE OF CONTENT<br />Introduction<br />Chapter 1 Torsades De Pointes<br />Chapter 2 Causes<br />Chapter 3 Symptoms<br />Chapter 4 Diagnosis<br />Chapter 5 Treatment<br />Chapter 6 Prognosis<br />Chapter 7 Cardioversion<br />Chapter 8 Ventricular Fibrillation<br />Epilogue</p>...9781370709267_Kenneth Keelibro_electonico_15f467a8-817d-3b15-b355-e9ee2cfddd17_9781370709267;9781370709267_9781370709267Kenneth KeeInglésMéxicohttps://getbook.kobo.com/koboid-prod-public/smashwords-epub-54479a1a-dbe2-4956-8d6d-51666f892b9b.epub2018-04-16T00:00:00+00:00Kenneth Kee